1。政治
1。1 一般用语
- 坚持党的领导为中心的四项基本原则 the four cardinal principle centering
on up-holding the leadership of the party
- 坚持社会主义道路 upholding(ad-herence to) the socialist road
- 坚持人民民主专政 upholding(ad-herence to)ghe people's democratic
dictatorship
- 坚持党的领导 upholding(adherence to)the leadership of the Communist
Party
- 坚持马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想 upholding(adherence to)Marxism-Leninism
and Mao Zedong Thought
- 社会主义精神文明 socialist spiritual civilization
- 社会主义物质文明 socialist material civilization
- 社会主义民主 socialist democracy
- “全国文明礼貌月” National Socialist Ethtics and Courtesy Month
- 实现干部队伍的革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 to ensure that the
ranks of the cadres become more revolutionary,younger in average age,better
educated and more professionally competent
- 改革 reform
- 政治体制改革 to reform the political structure
- 经济体制改革 to reform the economic structure
- 全面深化改革 deepening the reform in all round way
- 改革领导机构和干部制度 to reform the leading bodies and the
cadre system
- 勤俭节约 practising thrift and economy
- 坚定不移地搞好治理整顿 to do a solid job of improveme not
and rectification
- 提倡政府廉洁 to call for clean govermment
- 克服铺张浪费 to eliminate extravagance and waste without fai
- 社会公德 social ethics
- 职业道德 professional ethics
- 实现四化，振兴中华 to realize the four modernizations and the rejuvenation
of China
- 顺应时代潮流 to keep with the tide of the times
- 百花齐放，百家争鸣 letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred
schools of thought contend
- 共度难关 go tide over the difficulties
- 财政补贴 financial subsidies go
- “菜蓝子”工程 “vegetable basket” project
- 艰苦奋斗 go work hard
- 发挥经济杠杆作用 activating the economic lever
- 讲究效益 pay close attention to results
- 同心同德 work with one mind
- 提倡对社会、对祖国的奉献精神to encourage dedication to the motherland
and to society
- 政府和人民都过几年紧日子 both people and government should be prepared
for a few years of austerity
- 知难而进，决不半途而废 to press forward without giving up half way
- 不正当竞争 illegitimate competition
- 大吃大喝 extravagant winning and dining
- 非法倒卖 profiteering
- 非法倒卖，牟取暴利 the illegal reasle of goods at exorbitant profit
- 哄抬物价 to jack upprices
- 举报中心 report center
- 利用公款吃喝 tainting guests,presenting gifts and touring the county
at public expense
- 滥发奖金 to indiscriminats distribution of bonuses
- 楼堂馆所 office buildings,auditoriums,hotels
- 以权谋私 abuse of power for persnal gain
- 贪污受贿、敲诈勒索 graft,bribery,extortion,extravagance
- 流通秩序 the sequence of circulation
- 厉行节约 to practise strict economy
- 高度重视精神文明建设 （to attach great importance to the building
of a society that is advanced culturally and ideologically）
- 肝胆相照，荣辱与共 treating each other with all sincerity
and sharing weal or woe
- 治理经济环境 to improve economic environment
- 整顿经济秩序 to rectify ecnomic order
- 拨乱反正 setting wrongs to right and emancipating(one's)mind
- 刹住歪风 check unhealthy tenden cies
- 社会集团购买力 institutional purchases
- 行政干预 intervene administratively
- 有法必依 ensure that laws are observed
- 执法必严 law's ecforcement must be strict
- 走过场 just go through the motions
- 走后门 secure advantages
- 五讲四美运动 the movement of "five stresses and four points
of beauty"
- 污染社会风气 debase the standard of social conduct
- 互相扯皮 will not serve as a precedent engage in endless haggling
and shifts of responsibility
- 落实政策 to conscientionsly imple ment the policies on
- 权力过分集中 overconcentration/excessive concentration of power
- 终身职务制 lifelong tenure
- 责任制 responsibility system
- 优化组合 optimize/optimization
- “团结、友谊、进步” Unity,Friend-ship,Progress
- 共产主义 communism
- 社会主义 socialism
- 国家社会主义 state socialism
- 马克思主义 Marxism
- 列宁主义 Leninism
- 毛泽东思想 Mao Zedong Thought
- 民主主义 democratism
- 新民主主义 Neo-democratism
- 人民民主主义 people's democratism
- 世界主义 cosmopolitanism
- 爱国主义 patriotism
- 和平主义 pacifism
- 三民主义 The Three Principles of People
- 民族主义 nationalism
- 民权主义 democracy
- 民生主义 livelihood
- 君主主义 monarchism
- 封建主义 feudalism
- 帝国主义 imperialism
- 资本主义 capitalism
- 极端主义 extrmism
- 独裁主义 absolutism
- 黩武主义 militarism
- 反军国主义 antimilitarism
- 侵略主义 jingoism
- 法西斯主义 fascism
- 纳粹主义 nazism
- 废除纳粹主义 denazification
- 无政府主义 anarchism
- 人道主义 humanitarianism
- 个人主义 individulism
- 孤立主义 isolationism
- 英雄主义 heroism
- 利己主义 egoism
- 温情主义 paternalism
- 女权主义 feminism
- 自由主义 liberalism
- 合作主义 collborationism
- 不合作主义 noncooperation movement
- 协调主义 conciliationism
- 乐观主义 optimism
- 重农主义 physiocracy
- 工业主义 industrialism
- 工团主义 syndicalism
- 重商主义 mercantilism
- 专制主义 despotism
- 门罗主义 Monroe Doctrine
- 排外主义 anti-foreignism
- 保守主义 conservatism
- 过激主义 radicalism
- 教条主义 dogmalism
- 形式主义 formalism
- 机会主义 opportunism
- 文牍主义 legalism
- 恐怖主义 terrorism
- 积极主义 positivism
- 消极主义 negativism
- 国家 nation
- 王国 kingdom
- 神权国 divine right state
- 君主立宪制 constitutional monarchy
- 共和国 republic
- 独载国 autocratic state
- 轴心国 the Axis
- 独立国 an independent country
- 联邦国 federal state
- 法治国 legal state
- 福利国 welfare state
- 乌托邦 Utopia
- 完主国 suzerainty state
- 属国 dependency
- 仆从国 vassal state
- 卫星国 satellite state
- 保护国，保护领地 protectorate
- (被)保护国 protected state
- 缓冲国 buffer state
- 公国，侯国 principality
- 大公国 grand duchy
- 岛国 insularity
- 进贡国 tributary
- 开明国家 enlightened nation
- 政府 government
- 联邦政府 federal government
- 联合政府 coalition government
- 政党政府 party government
- 专制政府 despotic government
- 自治政府 autonomous government
- 腐败政府 corruptive government
- 伪政府 bogus government
- 中央政府 central government
- 地方政府 local government
- 革新政府 revolutionized government
- 代议制政府 representative government
- 流亡政府 government in exile
- 临时政府 provisional government
- 傀儡政府 puppet government
- 秘密私党 junto party
- 少数党 minority party
- 多数党 majority party
- 执政党 ruling party
- 在野党 party out of office
- 反对党 opposition party
- 党籍 party register
- 党纲 party platform
- 两党的 bipartisan
- 忠党分子 party liner
- 叛党 rebel party
- 跨党分子 dual-party membership
- 派别 faction
- 分裂 rift
- 脱党 quit party
- 清党 purge
- 党派路线 party line
- 党内小派别 small cique within the party
- 基层组织 basic structure
- 小组织 cell
- 管辖 jurisdiction
- 种簇制度 tribe
- 贵族制度 aristocracy
- 君主政体 monarchy
- 民主政体 democracy
- 独裁政治 dictatorship
- 寡头政治 oligarchy
- 二头政治 duarchy
- 三头政治 triumvirate
- 三权制度 three-power system
- 五头政治 pentarchy
- 集体领导 collective leadership
- 官僚政治 bureaucracy
- 武人政治 stratocracy
- 暴民政治 ochlocracy
- 妇人政治 gynecocracy
- 专家政治 technocracy
- 政党政治 party politics
- 家长政治 paternalism
- 王权 royal power
- 政权 political power
- 治权 governmental power
- 军权 military power
- 分权 sepreme power
- 最高权力 supreme power
- 中央集权 centralism
- 地方分权 de-centralism
- 封建 feudal
- 封建势力 feudal influence
- 维新 progressive
- 专制 despotic
- 专横 peremptory
- 倒行逆施 counter march
- 奸策 guile
- 政治舞台 political platform
- 官场 officialdom
- 治国之才,政治家风度 statesmanship
- 权术 technique
- 智囊 brain truster
- 智囊团 brain trust
- 政敌 political rival
- 中伤政敌 roorback
- 政治色彩 political complexion
- 右倾 right leaning
- 反右倾 anti-rightist
- 中间路线 middle of the road
- 骑墙派 fence-man
- 第三势力 the third force
- 国策 state policy
- 整套计划 package plan
- 政见 political view
- 政策转变 policy switch
- 开放政策 open-door policy
- 侵略政策 aggressive policy
- 绥靖政策 appeasement policy
- 不干涉政策 hands-off policy
- 愚民政策 obscurantist policy
- 焦土政策 scorch-earth policy
- 领土政策 territorial ambition
- 领土完整 territorial integrity
- 政纲 platform
- 纲领 summary
- 建国方略 plans of national reconstruction
- 建国大纲 fundamentals of constitution
- 土地改革 agrarian reform;land reform
- 平均地权 equalization of landownership
- 节制资本 regulation of capital
- 过渡时期 interim
- 军政时期 military stage
- 训政时期 political tutelage stage
- 宪政时期 constitutional stage
- 宪法草案 draft constitution
- 宪法 constitution
- 刚性宪法 rigid constitution
- 柔性宪法 flexible constitution
- 成文宪法 written constitution
- 不成文宪法 unwritten constitution
- 五权宪法 the Five-power constitution
- 宪法修正 constitutional amendment
- 制宪创制 constitutional amendment
- 立法创制 legislative initiative
- 立法权 legislative power
- 司法权 judicial power
- 监察权 control power
- 行政权 executive power
- 完主权 suzerainty
- 统治权 sovereignty
- 参政权 public right
- 妇女参政权 female suffrage
- 个人权力 individual right
- 自由 liberty
- 平等 equality
- 博爱 fraternity
- 思想自由 freedom of thought
- 宗教自由 freedom of religion
- 结社自由 freedom of association
- 言论自由 freedom of speech
- 出版自由 freedom of press
- 通信自由 freedom of correspondence
- 迁徙自由 freedom of remove
- 取得政权 take power
- 组阁 organize cabinet
- 奉命组阁 premier-designate
- 受权组阁 investiture
- 联合内阁 coalition cabinet
- 核心内阁 inner cabinet
- 战时内阁 war cabinet
- 影子内阁 shadow cabinet
- 看守内阁 take-care cabinet
- 宣誓 oath
- 誓词 begad
- 背誓 violate oath
- 倒阁 overthrow cabinet
- 全体总辞职 resigned en bloc
- 政院改组 cabinet reshuffle
- 假改组 quasi reorganization
- 无政府状态 state of anarchy
- 政治危机 political crisis
- 前内阁 former administration
- 君主 sovereign
- 暴君 tyrant
- 即帝位 accession throne
- 加冕 coronation
- 篡位 usurpation
- 弑君 regicide
- 逊位 (to) give up throne
- 废王位 depose
- 退位 abdicate
- 摄政 regent
- 效忠 loyalty
- 上朝 audience
- 早朝 levee
- 进贡 offer tribute
- 牙笏 ivory tabilet
- 秦章 memorial
- 秦疏 long memorial
- 圣旨 firman
- 诏令 edict
- 敕令 imperial order
- 万岁 viva
- 三呼万岁 hip,hip,hurray